See stonden in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "standar"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "stanner"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sténer"
},
{
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"lang_code": "srn",
"word": "tan"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staund"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staand"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stan"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staun"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stawn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "stand"
},
{
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"lang_code": "yol",
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},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "stone"
}
],
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"args": {
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},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "i",
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},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
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{
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
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"3": "standan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English standan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
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},
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "standa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse standa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *standaną\nProto-West Germanic *standan\nOld English standan\nMiddle English stonden\nInherited from Old English standan, from Proto-Germanic *standaną. Cognate to Old Norse standa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stondest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stondeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stondeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stondynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stondende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stande",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "standen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "stonden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stond",
"2": "stod",
"3s2": "stant",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 4 58 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 50 41 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stand"
],
"id": "en-stonden-enm-verb-M5TgKh6g",
"links": [
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "understonden"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔndən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔ̝ːndən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstandən/"
}
],
"word": "stonden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English past participles",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "standar"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "stanner"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sténer"
},
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"word": "tan"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staund"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staand"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stan"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "staun"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "stawn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "stand"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "sthoane"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "sthone"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "sthoan"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "stoane"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "stone"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:standan",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *standaną\nProto-West Germanic *standan\nOld English standan\nMiddle English stonden\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*standaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*standan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"standan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"stonden\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"stonden\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "standan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English standan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*standaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *standaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "standa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse standa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-der.\nProto-Germanic *standaną\nProto-West Germanic *standan\nOld English standan\nMiddle English stonden\nInherited from Old English standan, from Proto-Germanic *standaną. Cognate to Old Norse standa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stondest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stondeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stondeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stondynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stondende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystonden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystonde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stande",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "standen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stonde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "stonden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stond",
"2": "stod",
"3s2": "stant",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "understonden"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"to stand"
],
"links": [
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔndən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔ̝ːndən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstandən/"
}
],
"word": "stonden"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stonden meaning in Middle English (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.